Introduction to Nanotechnologies
Lecture – 1
Historical highlights of nanotechnology Main Indicators of high priority of nanotechnology research and development - Bibliometric and Patent Analysis, State Governmental Support. Public perception of NT: optimistic, realistic and skeptic - influence of attitudes on future development of technology. ELSI studies for Responsible development of NT, Technology and risk assessment of NT. Nano-toxicity. NT for Sustainable development. Green NT. Beneficial use of Nanotechnologies. |
Lecture – 2
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Lecture – 3
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NT drug delivery, novel therapeutics, diagnostics and visualization techniques. Liposomes -FDA approved drug delivery systems for cancer therapy. Insulin in oral or inhalation form. PEG role is alternative routes for drug administration FDA approved drugs Exubera®, PEGASYS®, PEG-INTRON®.
Lecture – 4
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Application of nano-particle colloidal gold in medicine and cosmetology. Thermodinamic thearpy for cancer treatment.
Lecture – 5
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Lecture – 6Perfluorocarbon emulsions - use in medicine and ophthalmology. Artificial blood concepts and developments.
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Lecture – 7
First NT drug ABRAXANE™ (Paclitaxel) approved by the FDA 2005, which patent period terminated 2020 |
Lecture – 8
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Lecture – 9
RNA Nanotechnology -Purdue study: RNA “motor” transports DNA. RNA nanomotors for cancer therapy. |
Lecture 10
Transfer of technology innovation from academia to industry i.e.
Public Private Partnership
In the leading universities worldwide there are centres of excellence and among them technology incubators.
They serve as hubs for technology transfer and formation of startup/spinoff firms.
Benefits of such firms are rent free 3 year period and equipment lended by university.
Innovation could be patented, licenced, or further developed by creation of a spinoff company.
Newly established spinoff companies have shareholders:
1. research group - inventor of innovation
2. university
3. entrepreneur - or manager recent graduate from the faculty
4. external financiers or investors
They serve as hubs for technology transfer and formation of startup/spinoff firms.
Benefits of such firms are rent free 3 year period and equipment lended by university.
Innovation could be patented, licenced, or further developed by creation of a spinoff company.
Newly established spinoff companies have shareholders:
1. research group - inventor of innovation
2. university
3. entrepreneur - or manager recent graduate from the faculty
4. external financiers or investors
Nanotechnology – Bridge to the Future
• 'Nano" is a term creeping into our vocabulary and our culture these days, and it's likely to be one of the buzzwords of the future, the way "cyber" was in the '90s. (G.Chapman, 2005)
•Nanotechnology is widely expected to be one of the most important industrial innovations of the 21st century. U.S. Senator Ron Wyden, Democrat from Oregon, said, "My own judgment is that the nanotechnology revolution has the potential to change the world on a scale equal to, if not greater than, the computer revolution.
• Nanotechnology is the science of building things or devices at the molecular and atomic level - at the nanometer scale, usually 100 nanometers or less in size. For example, a single data bit might be represented by only one atom some time in the future.
National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI)
• The term "nano" refers to the measurement of a nanometer - one nanometer equals one thousandth of a micrometer, or one millionth of a millimeter, or one billionth of a meter.
source: CERN http://microcosm.web.cern.ch/microcosm
• Nanotechnology is expected to produce an immense new wave of novel products and improved versions of what we have now. Scientists envision materials with several times the strength of steel but a fraction of its weight. Developments in data storage could put nearly all the world's information on a single tiny chip.
A swatch of NanoCare fabric, for example, resists stains and liquids because it is layered with billions of microscopic hairs that act like the fur on a seal. But these hairs are so small that NanoCare fabric looks no different than plain cotton.
• Nanotechnology is providing a critical bridge between the physical sciences and engineering, on the one hand, and modern molecular biology on the other. Materials scientists are learning the principles of the nanoscale world by studying the behavior of biomolecules and biomolecular assemblies.
In return, engineers are creating a host of nanoscale tools that are required to develop the systems biology models of malignancy needed to better diagnose, treat, and ultimately prevent cancer.
Going Small for Big Advances
Using Nanotechnology to Advance
Cancer Diagnosis, Prevention and Treatment
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
National Institutes of Health
National Cancer Institute
July 2004